The aim of the paper is to present a qualitative picture for the phenomenon of light wave propagation bending around cosmic planets. First a dielectric medium with structured inhomogeneity is studied. According to that method the light wave propagation route is defined by the different propagation velocities in a medium having layers with appropriate permittivity distribution. In the present paper another approach is introduced. The result is obtained by solving these equations. The relevant publications use the principle of the diffraction of light wave and apply differential equations for the electric and magnetic field components. As a summary of publications, several investigations have already been carried out on the propagation of light wave in inhomogeneous media usually resulting in wave propagation influenced by diffraction and scattering. Atmospheric turbulences cause unpredictable wave propagation conditions (Sasiela 2012 Blaunstein and Kopeika 2017). In the propagation route scattering centers are typically obtained (Quinten 2011 Yushanov et al. Investigations covered the problems of localized inhomogeneity which provides diffraction of light (Fock 1945 Hogan 1967). Distributed and structured inhomogeneity were also studied (Yeh 2005 Brekhovskikh 2012). There were thorough theoretical studies based on the diffraction of light wave which is described by differential equations of field components (Fock 1965 Keller and Givoli 1989 Felsen and Marcuvitz 1994). The propagation of light wave in inhomogeneous media has been investigated by several authors. As its consequence the light beam tangentially incident to the planet surface deviates from the straight line and follows a curved route.īased on the results of present investigations, it is not necessary to assume that the cosmic space is curved close to a planet containing a huge mass. Therefore, dielectric layers parallel to the planet surface can be considered by an equivalent average permittivity which is high at the planet surface and gradually decreases with the elevation. Their surface is not smooth, in addition to plains there are hills and mountains with varying heights. The aim of the paper is to provide a qualitative picture for the phenomenon of light wave propagation bending around cosmic planets. This way the light wave follows a curved route. Based on the results of our investigations when the light beam propagates parallel to the layers of atmosphere, its propagation direction is gradually deviating from the straight line toward higher permittivity layers. There are planets having an atmosphere with permittivity which is high close to the planet surface and gradually decreases with elevation. The propagation of light wave around planets is studied in this paper.
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